Issue 43 – April 2023

TOPICS:  Boko Haram, Sport Management, Minorities, Indigenous Conflict Management

Coordinator:
Christian Chereji and Ciprian Sandu

Content – Sommaire:
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ARTICLES in Issue 43 – April 2023:

Nigeria: Interrogating the Kinetic and Non-Kinetic Approaches of the Federal Government Towards Boko Haram Insurgency in the North-East, 2009-2015

Samson Adesola ADESOTE & Sunday Adekunle AKANDE

Abstract:

The fight against insurgency, terrorism, banditry, militancy, and other forms of criminality has been viewed from two major perspectives by scholars, security analysts and security experts in the existing literature. While some argued in favor of the kinetic approach, others supported the adoption of both kinetic and non-kinetic approaches. The main thrust of this paper is to interrogate both the kinetic and non-kinetic approaches initiated by Dr. Goodluck Jonathan led Federal Government to placate Boko Haram terrorists in the North East geo-political zone of Nigeria between 2011 and 2015. Before the adoption of the non-kinetic approach, the government made use of a military or kinetic approach in its response to the nefarious activities of Boko Haram between 2009 and 2011. It argues that the inability of the kinetic approach to successfully address the menace of the Boko Haram insurgency forced the government to adopt a non-kinetic approach or carrot option, which took several forms such as the establishment of dialogue committees and Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) agency. It submits that none of these kinetic and non-kinetic measures were able to curtail the heightened disruptive activities of the insurgent group as a result of inept political leadership, failure of good governance, problem of sabotage, lack of strong political will and commitment and so on.

Keywords:
Non-kinetic, government, Boko Haram, Insurgency, North-East, Nigeria.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.43.1

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International and Intra-state Conflicts, Peace and Sport Triangle: Conflict Analysis, Peace Studies and Sport Management Approaches

Sezai OZCELIK

Abstract:

There has been a close relationship between conflict, peace, development and sport. The use of sports for international and intra-state conflict analysis and peacebuilding proposes has become an important study subject in the 21st century. Sport can be associated with intolerance, nationalistic sentiments, and, most of time, violence. It is also true that international sport events may cause conflicts, violence, aggression and controversies (Öğretir-Özçelik, 2017). According to sport and olympic ideology, the main function of international sport is to promote international peace and development. It can be also used for a tool for societal change and social transformation. Since the ancient time, sport activities has related to the simulation of struggle between two conflicting parties and the civilized war. This study aims to analyze the link between international and intra-state conflicts, peace and sports. The objective of this paper is to examine the role of sports both conceptually and practically in conflict analysis and peace building. The first part is to present a conceptual framework in the study of sports, conflict resolution, and peace building. Second, it highlights some case studies where sports have an important role in international conflict and a tool for peace and reconciliation. Third, it focuses on the international use of sport and physical activity to attain the culture of peace and development objectives such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

Keywords:
Sport, Conflict Resolution, Peace Studies.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.43.2

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India: Conflict with Minorities in the Conventional Political System. The Status of Muslims

Ahmad SABBIR, Abdulla Al MAHMUD & Arif BILGIN

Abstract:

Hindu-Muslim conflict and riots in India are enduring intergroup conflicts in south Asia, destabilizing the region for a long time. Despite having federal democracy and secular nationalism in the political system of India, the state and its various technology of power take sides with religious groups abetting the persecution of minority Muslims as religious or ethnic groups. Among the various ethnic groups and communities living in India, Muslims are among the most deprived communities in contemporary times. In the issue of minority conflict, a permanent solution in the federal system of government has become a dream. This paper analyses India’s divergent political systems and state ideology and its failure and success in respective cases to counter communal and ethnic violence. We argue that, rather than focusing on the weakness of the existing political systems of India, the common failure to adequate power sharing can better explain these conflicts and successive persecution of minority Muslims.

Keywords:
Minority, Conflict, India, Political System, Muslim, Community

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.43.3

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Indigenous Conflict Management: Factors Contributing to the Effectiveness of the Strategies. A Systematic Review

Shimelis TAMIRAT & Kenenisa LEMI

Abstract:

There are several possible ways to respond to conflict situations as a managerial intervention to solve it. The current understanding of such conflict management strategies was framed without adequately considering indigenous practices. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to explore the contributors and determinants of the effectiveness of indigenous conflict management strategies. The findings indicated that factors such as shared dialogue, empowering indigenous structures, symbolic ritual procedures, flexibility, ease, friendliness, compassion, less costless, timeliness, transparency, inclusiveness, adequate interests representation, power sharing, and diversity recognition contributed positively to its effectiveness. Nonetheless, poor language choice and communication barriers, lack of legal empowerment, corrupt behavior of negotiators, and negative attitudes became hindrances to its value. This review identified that indigenous conflict management strategies have valuable managerial application potential in the field of conflict interventions. However, the review was limited to only positive and negative contributors to indigenous conflict management strategies.

Keywords:
Conflict, Conflict management, Effectiveness, Indigenous strategies, Systematic review.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.43.4

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